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外部世界隔绝开来,这样的环境下,没有人会有动力,某种程度上来说…没有人有任何的动力来提高生产率,提供新思路。
NARRATOR: Overprotected; over…administered; overplanned; the Permit Raj was quite literally a brake on the Indian economy。
旁白:过度保护,过度管制,过度计划,许可统治已经明显地成为了印度经济的一个障碍。
Chapter 5: Latin American Dependencia '2:03'
第五章: 拉丁美洲的依赖
Onscreen title: Latin America
字幕标题:拉丁美洲
NARRATOR: In Latin America; radically different leaders shared India's suspicion of the world economy。 In the 1940s and '50s; it was Juan Peron and his wife; Evita。 In the 1960s; it was munist Cuba's charismatic Fidel Castro。 And in the 1970s; it was Chile's Marxist president Salvador Allende。
旁白:在拉丁美洲,一些根本不同的领导人也怀有印度的那种对世界经济的猜疑。在40和50年代,是Juan Peron及其妻子Evita,60年代是古巴共和国的代表人物费德尔。卡斯特罗(Fidel Castro),70年代是智利的马克思主义总统萨尔瓦多。阿兰德(Salvador Allende)。
Though rich in raw materials; Latin America seemed doomed to perpetual poverty。 The dependency theory of economic development seemed to offer a way out。
尽管自然资源丰富,但拉丁美洲却似乎注定长期贫穷,经济发展的依赖理论似乎能够提供一条出路。
DANIEL YERGIN: The dependency theory said that if you want to get high economic growth in your country; what you need to do is put up barriers; tariffs that restrict the flow of import into the country; develop and build your own domestic industries; and that if you don't do that; you're going to be victimized by world trade。
丹尼尔。尤金(Daniel Yergin):依赖理论认为,假如你想在你的国家实现高速的经济增长,你必须做的是要建立贸易障碍,设立贸易关税,来限制商品的进口,而发展自己的国内工业体系,如果你不这样做,则你将成为世界贸易的受害者。
The theory was very attractive。 It said you would develop on your own; and you would be more self…sufficient。 The reality is that you cut yourself off from flows of technology; flows of investment; from flows of know…how; and instead of getting ahead you were falling back。
这个理论非常有吸引力,这个理论说你能仅依靠自己的力量而获得
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